Generally speaking, fixed focal length lenses will be sharper than zoom lenses. Zoom lenses may well have an optimum focal length and aperture at which their performance may match that of a fixed lens -- but not throughout its range.
When photographing textured surfaces, lighting is as important as the lens.
You will need angled lighting to pick up the texture. The degree of angle depends on the effect you are looking for. Experiment.
You will also need to control contrast by balancing the key light with a little fill. this can simply be a large sheet of white cardboard.
If you are working close your will need to use a smallish aperture for depth of field. A tripod and remote or timer shutter release is recommended.
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